Decker is a multimedia platform for creating and sharing interactive documents, with sound, images, hypertext, and scripted behavior. It draws strong influence from HyperCard, as well as more modern "no-code" or "low-code" creative tools like Twine and Bitsy. If Jupyter Notebooks are a digital lab notebook, think of Decker as a stack of sticky notes.
Decker provides a scripting language called Lil, which is easy to learn but highly expressive. Simple things are easy, and complex things are possible.
Decker understands tabular data. You can use Lil to perform SQL-like queries on tables and import or export CSV files.
Somebody's re-implementing Hypercard as a web application. It's on Github. Repo here: https://github.com/downpoured/vipercard
Twine is a tool for building interactive, nonlinear stories that are implemented as web pages. It uses a combination of a graphical editor (which lets you create discrete passages and hook them together (it also generates flowchart-like graphs of passages to help you keep track of the structure)) and an HTML compiler on the back end. Includes a simple scripting language to add state and conditionality to the story. If you can write a couple of pages, you can build interactive fiction that you can play in a web browser with this tool. Uses Tiddlywiki-like markup syntax.
William Gibson's self-destructing work Agrippa has been reconstructed from one of the original diskettes (it was never actually released) and put online as a simulation.