flashrom is a utility for detecting, reading, writing, verifying and erasing flash chips. It is often used to flash BIOS/EFI/coreboot/firmware images in-system using a supported mainboard, but it also supports flashing of network cards (NICs), SATA controller cards, and other external devices which can program flash chips. Can also be used for dumping the contents of SPI chips for analysis.

It supports a wide range of flash chips (most commonly found in SOIC8, DIP8, SOIC16, WSON8, PLCC32, DIP32, TSOP32, and TSOP40 packages), which use various protocols such as LPC, FWH, parallel flash, or SPI.

A Python-based, open source, platform independent, utility to communicate with the ROM bootloader in Espressif ESP8266 & ESP32 chips. Python 2 and 3 compatible. Can use this to dump the firmware for analysis. Depends upon pySerial.

OpenStreetmap's wiki page pertaining to planet.osm, the planet-wide database dump of the OSM. Includes formats, mirrors, bittorrent, and technical notes. Might be useful to read.